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Auditory selective attention plays a central role in the human capacity to reliably process complex sounds in multi-source environments. Stimulus reconstruction has been widely used for the investigation of selective auditory attention using multichannel electroencephalography (EEG). In particular, the influence of attention on sound representations in the brain has been modeled by linear time-variant filters and have been used to track the attentional state of individuals in multi-source environments.

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Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a highly prevalent condition associated with many adverse health problems. As the current means of diagnosis (polysomnography) is obtrusive and ill-suited for mass screening of the population, we explore a minimal-contact, automatic approach that uses acoustics-based methods in conjunction with pulse oximetry. We present a two-stage method for automatically classifying breathing sounds produced during sleep to track respiratory effort and predicting disordered breathing events using respiratory effort durations and oxygen desaturations.

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We propose a multiple initialization based spectral peak tracking (MISPT) technique for heart rate monitoring from
photoplethysmography (PPG) signal.MISPT is applied on the PPG signal after removing the motion artifact using an adaptive noise cancellation filter. MISPT yields several estimates of the heart rate trajectory from the spectrogram of the denoised PPG signal which are finally combined using a novel measure called
trajectory strength. Multiple initializations help in correcting

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We considered the problem of accurately estimating the heart rate (HR) using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals that are contaminated by motion artifacts (MA). A novel HR estimation approach based on GRidless spectral Estimation and SVM-based peak Selection, denoted by GRESS, was proposed. It first obtained the sparse spectrum of PPG using a continuous dictionary, then a simple spectral subtraction step was adopted to remove MA, finally an SVM-based method was developed to select the spectral peak corresponding to HR.

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Critical to accurate reconstruction of sparse signals from low-dimensional low-photon count observations is the solution of nonlinear optimization problems that promote sparse solutions. In this work, we explore recovering high-resolution sparse signals from low-resolution measurements corrupted by Poisson noise using a gradient-based optimization approach with non-convex regularization. In particular, we analyze zero-finding methods for solving the p-norm regularized minimization subproblems arising from a sequential quadratic approach.

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