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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have long been the paradigm of choice for robust medical image processing (MIP). Therefore, it is crucial to effectively and efficiently deploy CNNs on devices with different computing capabil- ities to support computer-aided diagnosis. Many methods employ factorized convolutional layers to alleviate the bur- den of limited computational resources at the expense of expressiveness.

Bone marrow smear cytology involves observing and analyzing the morphological features of bone marrow cells, and identifying regions of interest (ROI) where the cells are morphologically clear and evenly distributed is a crucial part of this process. However, existing deep learning methods for selecting ROI in whole-slide images (WSI) of bone marrow smears have overlooked the unique characteristics of the smears, particularly the texture information, resulting in inadequate performance.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique that can reveal high-resolution retinal vessels. In this work, we propose an accurate and efficient neural network for retinal vessel segmentation in OCTA images. The proposed network achieves accuracy comparable to other SOTA methods, while having fewer parameters and faster inference speed (e.g. 110x lighter and 1.3x faster than U-Net), which is very friendly for industrial applications. This is achieved by applying the modified Recurrent ConvNeXt Block to a full resolution convolutional network.

In the analysis of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images, the operation of segmenting specific targets is necessary. Existing methods typically train on supervised datasets with limited samples (approximately a few hundred), which can lead to overfitting. To address this, the low-rank adaptation technique is adopted for foundation model fine-tuning and proposed corresponding prompt point generation strategies to process various segmentation tasks on OCTA datasets. This method is named SAM-OCTA and has been experimented on the publicly available OCTA-500 dataset.

Single-source domain generalization in medical image segmentation is a challenging yet practical task, as domain shift commonly exists across medical datasets.
Previous works have attempted to alleviate this problem through adversarial data augmentation or random-style transformation.
However, these approaches neither fully leverage medical information nor consider the morphological structure alterations.
To address these limitations and enhance the fidelity and diversity of the augmented data,

Whole-slide image (WSI) classification is a challenging task because 1) patches from WSI lack annotation, and 2) WSI possesses unnecessary variability, e.g., stain protocol. Recently, Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) has made significant progress, allowing for classification based on slide-level, rather than patch-level, annotations. However, existing MIL methods ignore that all patches from normal slides are normal. Using this free annotation, we introduce a semi-supervision signal to de-bias the inter-slide variability and to capture the common factors of variation within normal patches.

Heterogeneity is present in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), making it challenging to study. To address this, we propose a graph neural network (GNN) approach to identify disease subtypes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) scans. Subtypes are identified by encoding the patients’ scans in brain graphs (via cortical similarity networks) and clustering the representations learnt by the GNN.

With neuroimaging data scientists have gained substantial information on the neuronal underpinning of intelligence. Yet how to integrate multimodal neuronal features effectively in relation to intelligence remains elusive. In this paper, we have developed a reference Canonical Correlation Analysis (RCCA) model that extracts latent, correlated multimodal features while enhancing correlation to a reference of interest.

Ultrasound imaging is crucial for evaluating organ morphology and function, yet depth adjustment can degrade image quality and field-of-view, presenting a depth-dependent dilemma. Traditional interpolation-based zoom-in techniques often sacrifice detail and introduce artifacts. Motivated by the potential of arbitrary-scale super-resolution to naturally address these inherent challenges, we present the Residual Dense Swin Transformer Network (RDSTN), designed to capture the non-local characteristics and long-range dependencies intrinsic to ultrasound images.

It is crucial to promptly diagnose potential Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in order to facilitate early treatment and prevent disease progression. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using facial expressions for in-vitro PD diagnosis due to the distinct "masked face" characteristics of PD patients and the cost-effectiveness of this approach. However, current facial expression-based PD diagnosis methods are hindered by limited training data on PD patients' facial expressions and weak prediction models.