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This study investigates how automatic scorings based on speech technology can affect human raters' judgement of students' oral language proficiency in L2 speaking tests. Automatic scorings based on ASR are widely used in non-critical speaking tests or practices and relatively high correlations between machine scores and human scores have been reported. In high-stakes speaking tests, however, many teachers remain skeptical about the fairness of automatic scores given by machines even with the most advanced scoring methods.

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Punctuation plays an important role in language processing. However, automatic speech recognition systems only output plain word sequences. It is then of interest to predict punctuations on plain word sequences. Previous works have focused on using lexical features or prosodic cues captured from small corpus to predict simple punctuations. Compared with simple punctuations, rich punctuations provide more meaningful

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Assuming that linguistic specifications and information
planning contribute to different levels of prosodic organization
that cumulatively constitute output prosody, quantitative
analysis of respective contributions can be derived through
normalization procedures that remove levels of interactions
involved. The current study attempts to account for how L2
prosody departs from the L1 norm in the two levels mentioned
and whether an account can be offered. F0 patterns of word
English stress categories (primary, secondary and tertiary) and

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