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Rate distortion optimization (RDO) is the basis for algorithm optimization in video coding, such as mode decision, rate control and etc. Minimizing the rate distortion coding cost is usually employed to determine the optimal coding parameters such as quantization level, coding mode, and etc. However, rate and distortion calculations for optimal solution decision from massive possible candidates suffer from dramatically high computation complexity.

In this paper, we design an improved hard-decision quantization (HDQ) scheme for HEVC compression. A decision tree model is generated based on the behavior of the soft-decision quantization (SDQ) in HEVC, and it is utilized to help making decision for each quantized level in the proposed HDQ. Experimental results show that our proposed quantization scheme achieves an average of 3.11% coding gain compared to the conventional HDQ and it provides a more hardware friendly implementation than SDQ.

Conventional intra prediction usually utilizes the top and left reconstructed reference samples of the current block to generate prediction pixels. However, with the distance between reference samples and the predicting pixel increasing, the correlation of them becomes weaker. The loss of the bottom-right corner of the current block is bigger than that of the top-left corner. To improve the situation above mentioned, a novel secondary intra prediction scheme is proposed for video coding in this paper.

Block-based partitioning is one of the fundamental techniques in video coding. Geometric-based block partitioning is a well-studied method to enable better spatial adaptation to the signal properties. This paper introduces the most recent proposal of advanced geometric-based inter prediction (GIP) made to the state-of-the-art are video coding standard - Versatile Video Coding (VVC).