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Magnetic resonance (MR) plays an important role in medical imaging. It can be flexibly tuned towards different applications for deriving a meaningful diagnosis. However, its long acquisition times and flexible parametrization make it on the other hand prone to artifacts which obscure the underlying image content or can be misinterpreted as anatomy. Patient-induced motion artifacts are still one of the major extrinsic factors which degrade image quality.

Combined PET-CT scan is an important diagnostic tool in modern medicine, e.g. for staging or treatment planning in the field of oncology. Especially in small structures, like a tumour, textural variations visible in a PET image are not visually recognizable within a CT scan from the same region. Thus, both modalities are necessary for diagnosis. Since both techniques expose the patient to radiation, it would be desirable to get the same information about metabolic activity contained in the PET image from a CT scan only.

Diagnosis of melanoma is fraught with uncertainty, and discordance rates among physicians remain high because of the lack of a definitive criterion. Motivated by this challenge, this paper first introduces the Patch Weyl transform (PWT), a 2-dimensional variant of the Weyl transform. It then presents a method for classifying pump-probe images of melanocytic lesions based on the PWT coefficients.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images often have some ring artifacts because of the inconsistent response of detector pixels. Removing ring artifacts in CBCT images without impairing the image quality is critical for the application of CBCT. In this paper, we explore this issue as an “adversarial problem” and propose a novel method to eliminate ring artifacts from CBCT images by using an imageto-image network based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN).

Quantitative scratch assay is significant in cell motility study for tissue repair, evolution of disease, drug treatment, and cancer metastasis. To overcome challenges in traditional manual operations in scratch assay, computational scratch assay is introduced, where image processing algorithms are exploited for cell motility quantification. In this new research realm, dedicated analysis tools are under-developed, which provides many opportunities for researchers expert on signal processing.

Gaining information about heart and coronary arteries such as estimating the flow velocity and coronary flow reserve (CFR) by only using 2D + time X-ray angiography sequence is of great interest due to its availability. We propose to segment the coronary arteries from 2D+time X-ray angiography sequences during contrast fluid propagation, by using a multi-step method based on unsharp masking followed by an iterative process of segmenting and non-rigid registration, until the alignment from the registration process is satisfactory.

Left ventricle (LV) segmentation is crucial for quantitative analysis of the cardiac contractile function. In this paper, we propose a joint multi-scale convolutional neural network to fully automatically segment the LV. Our method adopts two kinds of multi-scale features of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images, including multi-scale features directly extracted from CMR images with different scales and multi-scale features constructed by intermediate layers of standard CNN architecture.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) show impressive performance for image classification and detection, extending heavily to the medical image domain. Nevertheless, medical experts are skeptical in these predictions as the nonlinear multilayer structure resulting in a classification outcome is not directly graspable. Recently, approaches have been shown which help the user to understand the discriminative regions within an image which are decisive for the CNN to conclude to a certain class.

Optic Disc (OD) detection in retinal fundus images is a cru-cial stage for the automation of a screening system in diabetic ophthalmology. Most researches for automatic localization of OD benefit the regions of vessels. In this paper, we present a fast and novel method based on the Circlet Transform to detect OD in digital retinal fundus images that doesn’t utilize the location of the vessels. First, each R, G and B band is enhanced using CLAHE method. Then, the enhanced image in RGB color space is converted to L*a*b one.

Accurate detection of microaneurysm (MA) plays a very important role in early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. This paper presents a novel method based on the variation of local intensity for microaneurysms detection in retinal images. In contribution, proposed method use local rank transform effectively